Characteristics of Microbial Community Structure in the Rhizosphere Soil of Different Crops

doi:10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2021.12.2830

Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 2830-2840.DOI: 10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2021.12.2830

• Isotope Tracer Technique·Ecology and Environment·Physiology • Previous Articles Next Articles

Characteristics of Microbial Community Structure in the Rhizosphere Soil of Different Crops

TANG Jie¹(), CHEN Zhiqing¹, GUO Annan²^,^*(), QIU Qiongfen¹

¹School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211
²College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211

Received:2020-12-01 Revised:2021-05-17 Online:2021-12-10 Published:2021-10-25
Contact: GUO Annan

不同作物根际土壤微生物的群落结构特征分析

唐杰¹(), 陈知青¹, 郭安南²^,^*(), 裘琼芬¹

¹宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波 315211
²宁波大学食品与药学学院,浙江宁波 315211

通讯作者: 郭安南
作者简介:唐杰,男,主要从事微生物生态研究。E-mail: 407163539@qq.com
基金资助:
宁波市公益项目(202002N3002)

Abstract

Abstract:

The Rhizobacteria plays a crucial role in plant growth, development and health. In this study, rhizosphere soils of seven different crops, including soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], maize (Zea mays), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp], sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] and cocoyam [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schoot], were collected in July 2017 to explore the effects of crop taxa on rhizosphere microbiomes. Illumina MiSeq sequencing and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) were used to investigate the microbial community structure and diversity of rhizosphere soil. The difference in microbial PLFA biomarker contents among different crops were observable. Compared with the other crops, the total PLFAs and the biomass ratio of fungi and bacteria (F/B) in the rhizosphere soil of peanut were the highest, whereas the biomass ratio of gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria (G⁺/G^-) was the lowest. Although the seven groups had similar dominant phyla, such as Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Firmicutes, their bacterial compositions at the class and order level were obviously different. Alpha diversity analysis showed that the OTU richness (Chao1, P <0.001) and bacterial community diversity (Shannon, P <0.001) in the rhizosphere of soybean was the highest among the seven crops. Non-metric multidimensional scale analysis (NMDS) revealed that the rhizosphere microbial community structure formed significant clustering with different crops under OTU and PLFAs levels. The screening and comparison of sensitive microorganisms in the rhizosphere further showed that crops had distinctive selection of the rhizosphere bacterial community and species-sensitive microorganism. These results indicated that the rhizosphere microbiome was correlated with crop taxa. This study can provide a basis on which to construct a healthy plant rhizosphere microbiome to improve plant breeding.

Key words: rhizosphere microbe, community diversity, phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA), high-throughput sequencing

摘要：

为探究根际微生物群在支持植物生长、发育和健康方面的重要作用,本研究在2017年7月采集同一农田中大豆[Glycine max (L.) Merr.]、玉米[Zea mays)、花生(Arachis hypogaea L.]、四季豆[Phaseolus vulgaris L.]、豇豆[Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]、番薯[Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]和芋艿[Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schoot]7种不同作物,通过Illumina MiSeq测序技术和磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)对这7种不同作物的根际微生物群落结构和组成进行了分析。结果显示,不同作物根际土壤微生物的PLFA种类和组成差异显著,但均以表征革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌和真菌的特征脂肪酸为主。花生根际土中微生物的PLFAs含量最高,花生根际土中的真菌细菌比(F/B)显著高于其他作物,且其革兰氏阳性菌与革兰氏阴性菌比(G⁺/G^-)最低。尽管在门水平,变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门和厚壁菌门是7种作物根际微生物的主要优势门,但是在纲水平和目水平不同作物根际微生物组成存在差异。Alpha多样性分析表明,大豆根际的OTU丰富度(Chao1,P<0.001)和细菌群落多样性(Shannon,P<0.001)在7种作物中最高。非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)表明,根际微生物群落结构在OTU和PLFAs水平下均以不同作物形成聚类,不同聚类间的差异显著。根际敏感微生物的筛选和比较进一步说明不同作物对根际微生物的选择具有差异性,群落中某些特定菌群优势度存在区别,不同作物具有不同敏感微生物的选择倾向。本研究为构建健康的植物根际微生物群落以促进植物育种提供了基础。

关键词: 根际微生物, 群落多样性, 磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA), 高通量测序

TANG Jie, CHEN Zhiqing, GUO Annan, QIU Qiongfen. Characteristics of Microbial Community Structure in the Rhizosphere Soil of Different Crops[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 35(12): 2830-2840.

唐杰, 陈知青, 郭安南, 裘琼芬. 不同作物根际土壤微生物的群落结构特征分析[J]. 核农学报, 2021, 35(12): 2830-2840.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1 Difference in physical and chemical parameters of different crop rhizosphere soils

作物 Crop	铵态氮 N $H 4 +$ -N content /(mg·kg^-1)	硝态氮 N $O 3 -$ -N content /(mg·kg^-1)	pH值 pH value
大豆 Soybean	5.36±1.08b	1.41±0.03cd	4.25±0.17bc
玉米 Maize	4.13±0.59bc	1.46±0.07bcd	3.61±0.08e
花生 Peanut	4.76±0.60bc	1.59±0.08a	3.70±0.15de
四季豆 Kidney bean	4.99±0.41b	1.54±0.08ab	3.70±0.11de
豇豆 Cowpea	3.64±0.49c	1.43±0.10cd	3.95±0.05cd
番薯 Sweet potato	5.10±0.83b	1.41±0.05d	4.85±0.50a
芋艿 Cocoyam	32.83±1.67a	1.44±0.07cd	4.41±0.18b

Table 1 Difference in physical and chemical parameters of different crop rhizosphere soils

作物 Crop	铵态氮 N $H 4 +$ -N content /(mg·kg^-1)	硝态氮 N $O 3 -$ -N content /(mg·kg^-1)	pH值 pH value
大豆 Soybean	5.36±1.08b	1.41±0.03cd	4.25±0.17bc
玉米 Maize	4.13±0.59bc	1.46±0.07bcd	3.61±0.08e
花生 Peanut	4.76±0.60bc	1.59±0.08a	3.70±0.15de
四季豆 Kidney bean	4.99±0.41b	1.54±0.08ab	3.70±0.11de
豇豆 Cowpea	3.64±0.49c	1.43±0.10cd	3.95±0.05cd
番薯 Sweet potato	5.10±0.83b	1.41±0.05d	4.85±0.50a
芋艿 Cocoyam	32.83±1.67a	1.44±0.07cd	4.41±0.18b

Table 2 Total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and microbial compositions of rhizosphere soils across different crops/(ng·g-1)

作物 Crop	大豆 Soybean	玉米 Maize	花生 Peanut	四季豆 Kidney bean	豇豆 Cowpea	番薯 Sweet potato	芋艿 Cocoyam
厌氧细菌 Anaerobic bacteria	0.49±0.04ab	0.39±0.04bc	0.54±0.02a	0.35±0.02c	0.30±0.03c	0.41±0.08abc	0.37±0.05bc
革兰氏阳性菌 G⁺	3.96±0.24ab	3.76±0.64ab	5.24±0.25a	2.71±0.32b	2.33±0.45b	2.92±0.74b	3.61±0.45ab
革兰氏阴性菌 G^-	3.51±0.05bc	4.13±0.35b	5.21±0.22a	2.89±0.25c	3.05±0.32c	3.27±0.32c	2.89±0.12c
Ⅰ型甲烷氧化菌 Meth Ⅰ	1.61±0.05b	1.88±0.27b	3.05±0.16a	1.23±0.13b	1.29±0.22b	1.72±0.37b	1.75±0.23b
Ⅱ型甲烷氧化菌 Meth Ⅱ	1.41±0.13b	1.39±0.16b	2.44±0.11a	0.92±0.09c	1.20±0.08bc	1.26±0.15bc	1.28±0.12b
放线菌 Actinomycetes	1.46±0.06b	1.24±0.17bc	2.26±0.15a	1.02±0.10c	0.94±0.17c	1.07±0.19bc	1.45±0.11b
真菌 Fungi	2.13±0.05bc	2.64±0.29ab	3.42±0.33a	1.76±0.20c	2.77±0.26b	2.14±0.23bc	1.49±0.18c
原生动物 Protozoa	0.46±0.01ab	0.41±0.04bc	0.55±0.04a	0.29±0.03d	0.34±0.03cd	0.42±0.04bcd	0.29±0.04d
其他细菌 Other bacteria	6.03±0.22abc	6.92±0.96ab	7.53±039a	4.70±0.30c	5.57±0.83bc	5.31±0.90bc	4.61±0.49c
总PLFAs含量 Total contents of PLFAs	21.06±0.66bc	22.77±2.80b	30.24±1.19a	15.89±1.06c	17.78±2.31bc	18.52±2.92bc	17.74±1.75bc

Fig.1 The ratios of fungi to bacteria and G+to G- PLFAs under rhizosphere soils of different crops Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column mean significant difference at 0.05 level. The same as following.

Fig.2 The composition and relative abundance of major bacterial taxa in rhizosphere soils Note: Phyla(A), class(B) and order (C).

Table 3 Statistics of microbial Alpha diversity index in the soil samples.

作物 Crop	Shannon指数 Shannon index	Chao1指数 Chao1 index	ACE指数 ACE index	Coverage指数 Coverage index
大豆 Soybean	10.68±0.05a	15 225.94±525.34a	15 878.82±492.79a	0.891±0.003c
玉米 Maize	10.19±0.37b	13 739.12±1 133.41b	14 452.97±1 186.48ab	0.902±0.008b
花生 Peanut	9.76±0.31c	13 120.50±1 493.70b	14 022.71±1 569.07b	0.906±0.010b
四季豆 Kidney bean	10.51±0.07a	15 060.43±252.29a	15 838.52±380.20a	0.893±0.003c
豇豆 Cowpea	9.81±0.03c	13 237.89±308.28b	14 272.82±627.59b	0.905±0.004b
番薯 Sweet potato	10.59±0.09a	13 430.67±992.83b	14 031.71±1 253.41b	0.902±0.008bc
芋艿 Cocoyam	9.76±0.18c	11 674.89±509.86c	12 242.88±669.29c	0.917±0.004a

Fig.3 Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis(NMDS) of microorganism community composition based on the relative abundance of bacterial OTUs (A) and PLFAs (B) data

Fig.4 Correlationships between microbial index and soil physicochemical variables

Fig.5 Heat map of the relative abundances of the 12 screened indicator taxa for rhizosphere soil samples collected from different crops. Note: Abbreviation in figure as: SO as Soybean, MA as Maize, PE as Peanut, KB as Kidney bean,CP as Cowpea, SP as Sweet potato, CO as Cocoyam.

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创刊：1987年
主管部门：农业农村部
主办单位：中国原子能农学会与中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所（前中国农业科学院原子能利用研究所）
ISSN：1000-8551

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Characteristics of Microbial Community Structure in the Rhizosphere Soil of Different Crops

不同作物根际土壤微生物的群落结构特征分析

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