1. Title: The title shall be concise and clear, at a maximum of 20 words, and the headings at all levels shall be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals, such as "1.1, 1.1.1......", keeping 3-level heading at most.
2. Author and working institution: There shall be no dispute over the attribution. The author shall be no more than 8 persons who participate in the research and can answer the questions about the manuscript. No co-first authorship is acceptable, and no more than 3 main authors (first author and corresponding author) are allowed. The order of authors cannot be changed or modified after submission. Unless any major modification is made to the manuscript, no other authors can be added. Therefore, the attribution shall be determined with caution. All authors must indicate the information of their working institution, including the full name, city, and postcode in both Chinese and English. The name shall be listed last name first and then the first name (foreign authors shall follow their writing habits). All letters of the last name shall be capitalized, while only the first letter of the first name shall be capitalized, for example, ZHANG Xiaohu. Additionally, the order of authors in both English and Chinese shall be the same.
3. Abstract and keywords in Chinese and English: The abstract shall include four parts as follows: test objective, test methods, main results, and conclusions (research significance). The number of keywords shall be 3 to 5.
4. Footnote in first page:
Fund project: Manuscripts receiving national (or ministerial) funds shall be indicated with the name of the fund project and its project number in parentheses. The fund can only have 1 number after each major item, at a maximum of 4. In case of revision after submission, the author shall provide a detailed written revision explanation with the signature of all authors and the approval and seal of the scientific research department of the manuscript's first institution. The fund project can be added only after the Editorial Office reviews the contribution of the fund project to the manuscript and its correlation with the manuscript, which cannot be modified after acceptable. Therefore, the author shall check carefully when filling in the relevant information.
List of authors: The first author shall be listed with name, gender, title, research interests, and E-mail. The corresponding author shall be listed as above.
5. Introduction: It shall include the research significance (academic or economic), previous research progress (most important progress related to this research), the breakthrough point of this research (weaknesses or gaps in previous research), and key problems to be solved. The previous research progress shall be described with the literature available at home and abroad.
6. Materials and methods: The test time, test location, material name, test scale (sample size), sampling methods, design ideas, design test methods, number of repetitions, test samples, drugs and specifications, test equipment, and statistical methods shall be clearly described. In principle, the test methods shall be subjected to repeatability by readers according to the manuscript.
7. Results and analysis: The main research results shall be described with basic data and secondary, tertiary, or quaternary data obtained through statistical analysis of basic data, and the information gained after statistical analysis of data shall be presented distinctly and clearly. No referred literature or detailed discussion is required in this part.
8. Figures and tables: Only necessary figures and tables can be attached to avoid massive irrelevant data, or repeated descriptions between figures or tables and text. The title of figures and tables, project name at the header, and note shall be listed in both Chinese and English, with the initial English letter uppercase and the remaining letters lowercase, such as Irradiation dose/kGy. The table shall be three-line type. Abbreviations, significance analyses, etc. for first mention in figures and tables shall be defined with the note below the figure and table, such as "Note: ...".
9. Discussion: Through comparison of the results of this research with those of previous research, it is required to explain the reasons for the differences and similarities, describe the contents verified and negated, state relevant principles or mechanisms, and further analyze and explain the unclear reasons or inconsistencies. For groundbreaking research articles, the gains and losses from the test, important experiences and perceptions, and existing problems and mistakes shall be introduced to give readers inspiration or reflection.
10. Conclusion: The insights, rather than the results shall be listed in a concise and clear way, and secondary headings and section numbers shall be avoided.
11. References: The recent literature actually relevant to this research at home and abroad is required, with a total number of not less than 28, and from at least 18 journal sources. The cited literature shall introduce the cutting-edge achievements in the past five years, and come from major core journals recommended in SCI and EI. However, unpublished literature shall not be cited. The numeric references method is adopted, that is, the references are numbered consecutively according to the first mention of each source in the text.
English description shall be added below the Chinese literature.
12. Map: The map content in the manuscript shall be expressed in tables or other forms, if possible. The base map involving the national boundary shall indicate the referred standard map and its approval number, with the boundary unmodified, and the provincial map without the national boundary is not required. For example, Note: This map is drawn based on the standard map No. GS(20xx)xxxx downloaded from the standard map service website (http://bzdt.ch.mnr.gov.cn) of the Map Technology Review Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, with the boundary unmodified.
13. Measurement: Quantities and units shall follow international standards on quantities and units and China's legal units of measurement. The century, year, month, day, time, etc. shall be written in Arabic numerals. The foreign characters shall be case-sensitive and italic or normal (the plant genera, species, diseases, and insects in the text must be accompanied by Latin names in italics, with full name for the first mention and abbreviation for further mention. The proposer of the scientific name of the species, and the order, family, and race shall be written in normal style). The position of the upper and lower corner characters shall be clearly distinguished, such as hm2 and m2 for area; d (days), h (hours), min (minutes), and s (seconds) for time; t (tons), kg (kilograms), and g (grams) for weight; L (liters), mL (milliliters), and mol (mole) for volume; mol·L-1, mg·L-1, and mg·kg-1 for concentration, Bq (Baker) for radioactive activity; and Gy or kGy for irradiation dose (1/4 space is required between the number and the unit).