Abstract: In order to study the microbial diversity in the rhizosphere soil and bulb of saffron in Chongming, the microbial community composition was analyzed using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the bacteria and fungi were similar at the phylum level in the rhizosphere soil and saffron bulbs, but the microbial abundance and diversity in rhizosphere soil was significantly higher than that in the bulbs. However, the microbial diversity of rhizosphere soil was significantly higher than that of bulbs at genus and species levels. At the species level, the rhizosphere soil or bulb has its own unique bacteria or fungi, and has a relatively high abundance. The pathogenic endophytic fungi Phialophora and Cadophora were also detected in Chongming saffron bulbs. Therefore, it is speculated that saffron disease is also closely related to its endophytic bacteria and fungi in addition to the soil flora. This study has tentatively elaborated community structure and diversity of microorganisms in rhizosphere soil and bulbs, and provided theoretical basis for further screening suitable sterilization agent for Chongming saffron cultivation soil and bulbs.

Key words: saffron, rhizosphere soil, bulbs, bacteria, fungi, microbial diversity

摘要： 为研究崇明西红花栽培地根际土壤和球茎中微生物多样性,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对其微生物群落组成进行了比对分析。结果表明,西红花根际土壤和球茎中细菌和真菌在门类水平上菌群类别差异不显著,但在丰富度和多样性方面根际土壤明显高于球茎;在属和种水平上差异显著;在种水平上,根际土壤或球茎均有各自特有的细菌或真菌,且具有较高的相对丰度。西红花致病真菌瓶霉(Phialophora)和背芽突霉(Cadophora)在崇明西红花球茎大量存在。因此,推测西红花病害发生,除与土壤菌群相关外,与其内生细菌和真菌也紧密相关。本研究结果初步分析了崇明栽培地西红花根际土壤和球茎中微生物多样性及群落结构组成,为进一步筛选合适的崇明西红花栽培地土壤和种球杀菌剂提供了理论依据。

关键词: 西红花, 根际土壤, 球茎, 细菌, 真菌, 多样性