Abstract: To investigate the radiation-induced effects of ⁶⁰Co-γ ray on cutting seedlings of different rose cultivars, nine garden rose cutting seedlings, Fen Shan, Golden Scepter, Rouge Meilland, Roger Lambelin, Angela, Léonardo da Vinci, Eyes for You, Champagne and Everest Double Fragrance were irradiated at different doses (0, 25, 45, 60 and 80 Gy) by ⁶⁰Co-γ ray. And the mortality rate, bud germination rate, mutation rate and the main morphological characteristics were investigated. The results showed that with radiation dose increase, mortality rate of cutting seedlings increased gradually from 33.61%(0 Gy) to 79.71%(80 Gy); the growthof rose cutting seedings was inhibited significantly, additionally, the mutation rate increased first and decreased afterwards, reached the maximum at the radiation dose of 45 Gy, which accounts for 64.70% of the total mutation(4.20‰). Furthermore, the susceptibility of different cultivars to ⁶⁰Co-γ ray irradiation was variousand the semi-lethal radiation dose(LD₅₀)was also different, the effective value was distributed between 26 and 55 Gy among different rose cultivars. Taken the mortality rate, growth condition and variation rate that affected by ⁶⁰Co-γ ray irradiation together, the best dose of ⁶⁰Co-γ ray irradiation for garden rose cutting seedlings was 45 Gy. The results will provide theoretical bases for the radiation breeding of rose.

Key words: Rosa hybrida, ⁶⁰Co-γ, rays, radiation, semi lethal dose, variation

摘要： 为探讨⁶⁰Co-γ射线对不同庭院月季品种扦插苗的辐射诱变效应,以粉扇、金凤凰、梅朗口红、紫袍玉带、安吉拉、粉色达芬奇、你的眼睛、香槟和九重香9个庭院月季品种的扦插苗为研究对象,⁶⁰Co-γ射线为辐照源,设置不同剂量(0、25、45、60、80 Gy)进行辐射处理,测定了死亡率、萌芽率、变异率和主要的形态指标。结果表明,随着辐射剂量增加,月季扦插苗平均死亡率逐渐增加,从33.61%(0 Gy)上升至79.71%(80 Gy);植株生长受到显著抑制,植株变异率呈先升高后降低的趋势,辐射剂量为45 Gy时,植株变异率达到最高,占总体变异率(4.20‰)的64.70%。此外,不同品种月季对⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射的敏感性不同,半致死辐射剂量也存在差异,其有效值介于26~55 Gy之间。综合⁶⁰Co-γ射线对月季扦插苗死亡率、生长势和变异率的影响,推荐庭院月季扦插苗的最适辐射剂量为45 Gy,这为月季辐射育种提供了理论基础。

关键词: 月季, ⁶⁰Co-γ, 射线, 辐射, 半致死剂量, 变异