Abstract: In order to screen tea germplasms with high contents of amino acid and theanine and explore the relationship between the contents of amino acid and theanine, in present research, we detected the amino acid contents of steamed one bud and two leaves from spring shoots of 218 tea germplasms by nihydrin colorimetry combining with microplate assay, and the theanine contents by HPLC. The results showed that, the contents of amino acid ranged 1.50%~8.98%, among which 55 samples had high amino acid contents (≥5%); the contents of theanine varied from 0 to 4.03%, among which 13 samples had high level (≥3%) of theanine and four samples had no theanine; the ratio of theanine content to total amino acid content distributed was 0 to 0.78, mainly ranging from 0.2 to 0.5. In addition, the correlation coefficient between them reached to 0.752, indicating a significant positive correlation. In summary, a batch of specific tea germplasms with extreme amino acid contents had been screened in this study, which provides the foundation for selecting new tea plant varieties with high amino acid and high theanine contents and studying the molecular mechanism of accumulating amino acid.

Key words: tea plant, amino acid, theanine, germplasm resource

摘要： 为筛选高氨基酸和高茶氨酸茶树资源及探究茶树中茶氨酸与氨基酸含量之间的关系,本研究利用茚三酮显色法结合酶标仪检测技术测定218份茶树资源春季一芽二叶蒸青样的氨基酸含量,利用高效液相色谱法测定了其茶氨酸含量。结果表明,218份资源的氨基酸含量介于1.50%~8.98%之间,其中高氨基酸茶树资源(氨基酸含量≥5%)55份;茶氨酸含量介于0%~4.03%之间,其中高茶氨酸茶树资源(茶氨酸含量≥3%)13份,不含茶氨酸的茶树资源4份;茶氨酸与氨基酸含量的比值介于0~0.78之间,且集中分布于0.2~0.5之间,二者的相关性系数达0.752,呈极显著正相关。本研究筛选获得了一批氨基酸特异的茶树资源,为高氨基酸和高茶氨酸茶树新品种选育及其形成的分子机理研究奠定了基础。

关键词: 茶树, 氨基酸, 茶氨酸, 种质资源