Mutagenic Effect on Tissue Culture Plants of Cassava Induced by 60Co-γ Irradiation

doi:10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2019.09.1667

Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences ›› 2019, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 1667-1676.DOI: 10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2019.09.1667

• Induced Mutations for Plant Breeding·Agricultural Biotechnology • Next Articles

Mutagenic Effect on Tissue Culture Plants of Cassava Induced by ⁶⁰Co-γ Irradiation

ZENG Wendan^1,2, YAN Huabing^1,*, CAO Sheng¹, XIE Xiangyu¹

1 Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007;
2 Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Key Lab, Nanning, Guangxi 530007

Received:2018-03-02 Revised:2018-06-03 Online:2019-09-09 Published:2019-07-23

⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射对木薯组培苗的诱变效应

曾文丹^1,2, 严华兵^1,*, 曹升¹, 谢向誉¹

1 广西农业科学院经济作物研究所,广西南宁 530007;
2 广西作物遗传改良生物技术重点开放实验室, 广西南宁 530007

通讯作者: ^*严华兵,男,研究员,主要从事木薯生物技术育种与良种繁育技术研究。E-mail: h.b.yan@hotmail.com
作者简介:曾文丹,女,助理研究员,主要从事木薯生物技术育种与良种繁育技术研究。E-mail: wdzeng08@163.com
基金资助:
广西自然科学基金项目(2016GXNSFBA38010),广西农业科学院基本科研项目(桂农科2015YT61)

Abstract

Abstract: To explore the mutagenic effects of ⁶⁰Co-γ irradiation, stem cutting of two cassava varieties, xinxuan 048 and SC205, were irradiated with 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 Gy of⁶⁰Co-γ, respectively. The growth of tissue culture seedlings with different radiation treatment and the growth of plants after transplanting were observed and compared. The results showed that the rooting rate and germination rate of two varieties were decreased significantly with the increment of the irradiation dose. The median lethal dose (LD₅₀) for two varieties was defined as 15.3 Gy, 17.2 Gy, respectively. With the increasement of the irradiation dose, the damage severity of tissue culture seedlings was reinforced, the seedling height, rooting rate and transplanting survival rate were decreased significantly. There were different vadiation sensitivity between varieties, xinxuan 048 are more radiation susception than SC205. After irradiation, different morphological variations such as petiole color, leaf shape, etiolated seedling and dwarf seeding were observed in both of two tissue culture seedlings. The variation rate of xinxuan048 and SC 205 was 4.4% and 6.6%, respectively. Three pairs of microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) primers were found to be polymorphism between genomic of SC205 wide type and mutants plants, five SSR primers were shown to be polymorphism between Xinxuan 048 wide type and it’s corresponding mutants. The results laid a foundation for creating a new cassava germplasms by⁶⁰Co-gamma rays radiation and opening a new method for cassava breeding.

Key words: cassava, tissue culture plants, ⁶⁰Co-γ, irradiation, mutagenic effects

摘要： 为探究⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射对不同木薯品种组培苗的诱变效应,以2个木薯品种新选048和SC205离体单芽茎段为试验材料,以不同⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射剂量(0、5、10、20、40 Gy)进行处理,观察比较不同辐射处理条件下组培苗的生长情况以及移栽后植株的生长状况。结果表明,随着⁶⁰Co-γ辐射剂量的增加,2个品种组培苗的生根率和萌发率均显著降低;新选048和SC205的半致死剂量分别为15.3 Gy和17.2 Gy。随着辐射剂量的增加,对继代组培苗及其生根苗的生长伤害程度逐渐加强,株高、生根率、移栽成活率等指标均显著降低。不同品种对⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射的敏感程度存在差异,新选048的辐射敏感性更强。经⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射后,2个木薯品种组培苗均出现叶柄颜色变异、叶形变异、黄化苗、矮化苗等不同程度的形态变异。经大田移栽后统计,新选048变异率为3.3%,SC205变异率为6.6%。对突变材料进行SSR分子标记检测发现,其中有3条引物可检测SC205对照与突变体材料在分子水平上的差异;5条引物可检测新选048对照与突变体材料在分子水平上的差异。本研究结果为利用⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射诱变创造木薯新种质以及木薯诱变育种奠定了一定的理论基础。

关键词: 木薯, 组培苗, ⁶⁰Co-γ, 射线, 诱变效应

ZENG Wendan, YAN Huabing, CAO Sheng, XIE Xiangyu. Mutagenic Effect on Tissue Culture Plants of Cassava Induced by ⁶⁰Co-γ Irradiation[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 33(9): 1667-1676.

曾文丹, 严华兵, 曹升, 谢向誉. ⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射对木薯组培苗的诱变效应[J]. 核农学报, 2019, 33(9): 1667-1676.

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创刊：1987年
主管部门：农业农村部
主办单位：中国原子能农学会与中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所（前中国农业科学院原子能利用研究所）
ISSN：1000-8551

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Mutagenic Effect on Tissue Culture Plants of Cassava Induced by ⁶⁰Co-γ Irradiation

⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射对木薯组培苗的诱变效应

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