Effects of Super Absorbent on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Potato in Dry Land

doi:10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2018.05.1016

Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences ›› 2018, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 1016-1022.DOI: 10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2018.05.1016

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Effects of Super Absorbent on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Potato in Dry Land

HOU Xianqing,LI Rong,HE Wenshou^*, MA Kun,DAI Xiaohua

School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021

Received:2017-06-01 Revised:2017-10-06 Online:2018-05-10 Published:2018-03-30

保水剂对旱作马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响

侯贤清,李荣,何文寿^*,马琨,代晓华

宁夏大学农学院, 宁夏银川 750021

通讯作者: 何文寿,男,教授,主要从事马铃薯营养与施肥技术研究。E-mail:hews@nxu.edu.cn
作者简介:侯贤清,男,副教授,主要从事旱区土壤水分高效利用方面研究。E-mail:houxianqing1981@126.com
基金资助:
公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201503120),国家自然科学基金(31760370),国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD22B05-03)

Abstract

Abstract: In order to explore effect of super absorbent on crop yield and water use during the key growing period of potato in the region of southern Ningxia, a field study was conducted to investigate effects of super absorbent dosages on soil water, potato yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and economic benefit by comparing two different types of super absorbents (Wote and Microbe). The two SAPs were applied at different rates of 30 kg·hm^-2, 60 kg·hm^-2, and 90 kg·hm^-2 in the experiments, while the treatment with no super absorbent applying was marked as the control. The results showed that the application of Microbe super absorbent could improve soil water status in plough layer, and significantly promoted the growth in the early florescence stage of potato. In contrast, the Wote super absorbent could improve soil water status in deep layer, and significantly promoted the growth in the expansion-maturity stage of potato, and the aboveground biomass of potato under the treatments of Wote super absorbent were significantly higher than the control. Compared with control, the application of Wote super absorbent 90 kg·hm^-2 significantly increased the yield and WUE of potato by 44.1% and 75.8%, followed by Microbe super absorbent of 60 kg·hm^-2. The commodity rate was the highest (87.3%) with applied Wote super absorbent 60 kg·hm^-2, followed by Microbe super absorbent of 60 kg·hm^-2. According to the analysis of economic benefits, it was found that in the potato production in the dry land of south Ningxia, the application of Wote super absorbent 30 ~ 60 kg·hm^-2 could significantly increase the economic benefits of potato. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of super absorbent in dry farming region.

Key words: super absorbent, soil water, potato yield, water use efficiency, economic benefit

摘要： 为探究宁南地区保水剂对马铃薯关键生育期水分利用及作物产量的影响,本研究采用沃特和微生物保水剂,以不施保水剂处理为对照,研究2种保水剂不同用量(30、60、90 kg·hm^-2)对土壤水分、马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响并对经济效益进行分析。结果表明,在作物主要生育期,微生物保水剂可改善马铃薯生育前期耕层土壤水分含量,促进马铃薯的生长,而沃特保水剂的施用可提高马铃薯中后期深层土壤水分含量,其作物地上部生物量显著高于不施保水剂处理。与对照相比,沃特保水剂施用90 kg·hm^-2时马铃薯增产效果最佳,其水分利用效率最高,分别较对照提高44.1%和75.8%,微生物保水剂60 kg·hm^-2次之;施用沃特保水剂60 kg·hm^-2的商品薯率最高(87.3%),微生物保水剂60 kg·hm^-2次之。结合经济效益分析发现,在宁南旱地马铃薯生产中,推荐施用沃特保水剂30~60 kg·hm^-2能显著提高马铃薯的经济效益。本研究为保水剂在旱作区的应用提供了理论依据。

关键词: 保水剂, 土壤水分, 马铃薯产量, 水分利用效率, 经济效益

HOU Xianqing,LI Rong,HE Wenshou, MA Kun,DAI Xiaohua. Effects of Super Absorbent on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Potato in Dry Land[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 32(5): 1016-1022.

侯贤清,李荣,何文寿,马琨,代晓华. 保水剂对旱作马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2018, 32(5): 1016-1022.

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创刊：1987年
主管部门：农业农村部
主办单位：中国原子能农学会与中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所（前中国农业科学院原子能利用研究所）
ISSN：1000-8551

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Effects of Super Absorbent on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Potato in Dry Land

保水剂对旱作马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响

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