Relationship of Canopy-air Temperature Difference and Yield and Quality Under Different Water Stress at Jointing-booting Stage in Rice

doi:10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2016.03.0596

Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences ›› 2016, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 596-604.DOI: 10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2016.03.0596

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Relationship of Canopy-air Temperature Difference and Yield and Quality Under Different Water Stress at Jointing-booting Stage in Rice

GAO Jiping¹, ZHANG Wenzhong¹, SUI Yanghui¹, YAO Chen¹, GAO Mingchao², ZHAO Minghui¹

1Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Super Rice Breeding,Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture/ Rice Research Institute,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110866;
2Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China/ Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Crops Resources Research Institute,Changchun,Jilin 136000

Received:2015-04-22 Revised:2015-09-14 Online:2016-03-27 Published:2016-03-10

水分胁迫下水稻拔节孕穗期冠气温度差与产量及品质的关系

高继平¹, 张文忠¹, 隋阳辉¹, 姚晨¹, 高明超², 赵明辉¹

1沈阳农业大学水稻研究所/农业部东北水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/北方超级粳稻育种教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳 110866;
2作物资源研究所/吉林省农业科学院/中国农业科技东北创新中心,吉林长春 136000

通讯作者: 张文忠,男,教授,从事水稻超高产生理生态与遗传育种研究。E-mail:zwzhong@126.com
作者简介:高继平,男,讲师,主要从事水稻高产与农业气象研究。E-mail:gaojiping1983@163.com
基金资助:
辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才培养计划(2014039),国家科技支撑项目(2013BAD05B07),辽宁省高等学校优秀科技人才支持计划(LR2015060)

Abstract

Abstract: In order to make clear the relationship between the canopy-air temperature difference under different soil moisture and rice yield and quality of different drought resistance varieties, and establish reasonable irrigation index, a field trial was performed using five controlling water treatments to illustrate the response of canopy-air temperature difference to soil water stress and the relationship between canopy-air temperature difference and rice yield and quality at the jointing-booting stage. Results showed that soil water stress significantly impacted on canopy-air temperature difference and the more water stress the lower absolute value of canopy-air temperature difference. The daily variation canopy-air temperature difference was closely related to air temperature and humidity under different water stress treatment. Under the same conditions, the absolute value of canopy-air temperature difference of drought susceptive variety (Liaojing 294) was lower than drought resistance (Kaijing 1). There were significant positive correlations between absolute value of canopy-air temperature difference and filled grain number per panicle, 1000-grain weight, seed setting rate, rice yield, percentage of brown rice, percentage of milled rice, percentage of head rice, broken rice rate and taste value. But it was significant negative correlation between blighted grain number and canopy-air temperature difference. Comprehensive analysis showed that canopy-air temperature difference could be used as a rice water-saving threshold at the jointing-booting stage when the average canopy-air temperature in Liaojing 294 and Kaijing 1 were 0.2℃ (soil water potential treatment S1: -0.008~-0.015MP) and 0.7℃(soil water potential treatment S2:-0.02~-0.03MP) respectively. Under this condition no significant influence was observed on rice yield. This study establish water\|saving irrigation index for rice plating, in order to realize accurate quantitative rice irrigation, and provide theoretical basis.

Key words: rice, canopy-air temperature difference, soil water potential, yield components, quality

摘要： 为明确不同土壤水分条件下冠气温度差与不同抗旱性水稻品种产量及品质的相互关系,本试验在大田环境下,以辽粳294、开粳1号为材料,在拔节孕穗期设置5个水分梯度处理。结果表明,水分胁迫显著影响水稻的冠气温度差,胁迫越重,冠气温度差绝对值越小;不同水分胁迫下,水稻冠气温度差日变化与气温、空气湿度密切相关;相同环境条件下,抗旱性弱的品种辽粳294的冠气温度差绝对值低于抗旱性强的品种开粳1号;水分胁迫下水稻冠气温度差绝对值与每穗实粒数、千粒重、结实率、产量、糙米率、精米率、整精米率、碎米率、食味值均呈显著正相关,与秕粒数呈显著负相关;辽粳294和开粳1号的土壤水势分别在-0.008~-0.015 MP和-0.02~-0.03 MP范围内达到水分临界水平,且此时平均冠气温度差分别维持在0.2℃和0.7℃,对产量影响不显著,说明这2个冠气温度差值可分别作为辽粳294和开粳1号在拔节孕穗期的节水灌溉指标。本研究为建立稻作节水灌溉指标,实现水稻灌溉精确定量奠定了一定的理论基础。

关键词: 水稻, 冠气温度差, 土壤水势, 产量结构, 品质

GAO Jiping, ZHANG Wenzhong, SUI Yanghui, YAO Chen, GAO Mingchao, ZHAO Minghui. Relationship of Canopy-air Temperature Difference and Yield and Quality Under Different Water Stress at Jointing-booting Stage in Rice[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 30(3): 596-604.

高继平, 张文忠, 隋阳辉, 姚晨, 高明超, 赵明辉. 水分胁迫下水稻拔节孕穗期冠气温度差与产量及品质的关系[J]. 核农学报, 2016, 30(3): 596-604.

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创刊：1987年
主管部门：农业农村部
主办单位：中国原子能农学会与中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所（前中国农业科学院原子能利用研究所）
ISSN：1000-8551

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Relationship of Canopy-air Temperature Difference and Yield and Quality Under Different Water Stress at Jointing-booting Stage in Rice

水分胁迫下水稻拔节孕穗期冠气温度差与产量及品质的关系

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