Induced Mutations for Plant Breeding·Agricultural Biotechnology
HU Haiyan, DONG Qingfeng, LI Dongmei, ZHOU Feng, LIU Qili, LIU Mingjiu, LI Chengwei
Crown rot (CR) is one of the most common diseases of wheat in China over recent years. To further investigate the incidence and dominant pathogens of wheat CR, diseased samples were investigated and isolated from 96 locations of 11 wheat producing areas in Henan Province in 2019, and the morphological, molecular identification and pathogenicity on wheat were studied. The results showed that CR has been widely distributed in Henan Province, except for the sporadic outbreaks in Zhumadian area. The average incidence of disease for field was 78.85%. Meanwhile, the mean disease index, rate of diseased plant and white head incidence was 17.78, 48.34% and 3.44%, respectively. All of the wheat varieties surveyed were susceptible to the CR disease with different degrees. Among them, mild disease accounted for 30%, severs cases 20% and other 50% were belonged to the moderate disease cases. The Fusarium pseudograminearum was the main pathogen of wheat CR and was divided into 6 categories with strong pathogenicity in Henan Province. Most of the pathogens are belonged to type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ (the pathogenicity index was 42.22 and 77.78, respectively), which were the dominant epidemic isolates in Henan Province. The results have practical significance for accelerating CR precise control, the research on the pathogenesis and disease resistance mechanism of the dominant pathogens and breeding new wheat varieties with disease resistance.